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A TWO BASE or AL QAEDA in the code KQ=28 for theoretical physics.

1. Title and Agenda

2. Introduction to Schismatic Science & Perfect Numbers

3. The Decoding of the Title and 'Baby-Talk'

4. The Question of the Count for the Reader

5. The Answer to the Count & Mathematical Complexity

6. Fundamental Constants from First Principles

7. The Pre-Big Bang Setting of Creation 

8. The Algorithm of the Cosmogenesis in Strings 

9. The Quantum Big Bang in Energy

10. Etceteraetcetera

1. Title and Agenda

Welcome to all who may read this and all  are invited to share or utilise this information given, irrespective of creeds political, scientific, religious, spiritual  or otherwise.

This is a work in progress and under revision until notified by me, Tony B., the author.

Considering my ill health; I suffer from a neuronal genetic disorder called HSP for Heredetiary-Spastic-Paraplegia; I do not know for how long I shall be able to continue what I am doing. But I shall attempt to show the reader how there might exist a rather strange, yet powerful synthesis between the global edifice of contemporary theoretical physics and the tools or basis or foundation or 'Al Qaeda' for this same physics emerging through its scientific model-building and history.

So what is this strange title and the code KQ=28 and what is the connection of this encoding to theoretical physics?

The answer is found  in 'Perfect Numbers' and the origins of all the sciences in the form of mathematics of various forms, albeit based on the foundation of the set of natural numbers or 'counting numbers' N.

So I shall show how the mathematics 'was born' or invented as the 'Mother of all Sciences' and how this 'Tool of Abstraction' relates to the contemporary world; also encompassing the subject matter not obviously related to the sciences based on the empiricism of measurement at the present time of the global history.

It was not always so and as the historians of science know rather well.

The so called renaissance of the 'Scientific Revolution' of the 17th century refined the worldviews of Aristotle, Plato and Pythagoras in the works of Isaac Newton and who we may call the Greek Alchemists, including Leibnitz, Kepler, Boscovich and many many others.

The Greek alchemists followed a tradition which encompassed both the science of measurement and a science of divinity, say the latter as a form of scientific inspiration.

And it is in this mileu, where the distinction between 'measurement physics' and 'divinity physics' is rather  blurred; where this work before the reader assumes its true significance and where the 'decoding' will 'make sense' for the discerning reader.

 

2. Introduction to Schismatic Science & Perfect Numbers

The Greek alchemy of course became 'modern chemistry' and Plato's five elements mapped as his 'perfect solids' and later as say 'quantum gauge interactions' in the post-Newtonian science redefining itself.

The Aristotelean physics of precise measurement of the physical parameters was retained and the Platonist-Pythagorean physics of 'divine perfection' became largely abandoned in this scientific reformation.

Something of  a remnant could not be erased in this new scientific paradigm however - the 'science of divinity' or the science of  'creative providence'.

This residue today pervades all sections and strata of society and is a powerful component of all political, religious and cultural institutions.

So even if this 'science of divinity' or 'omniscience' is a purely psychological construct and without any physical measurement significance whatsoever; it still plays an important, sometimes even dominant role in the affairs of states and national agendas of whatever political persuasion and affiliation.

So can one find a common factor UNITING all those psychological constructs in a form acceptable to the 'Mensuration Science' and perhaps in a form more akin the 'science of divinity' of Newton and the Greek alchemists?

One can do so, if one can discover a 'common denominator' for the divinity sciences, invariably coloured in the codes of language and interpretatations.

And here one can introduce certain 'emotion charged' labellings or words, such as ALLAH and GOD and AL QAEDA as factors of the omniscience.

Then in other words, using the psychology of the historical residue of divinity science, this also holds the key to unite the religions, say linked to political constructs and affairs of state. This could be followed perhaps, by a more global and political unity, born from a new understanding of its own linguistic codes.

And then it does not really matter if the 'gods and allahs' exist in a physical reality or only as psychological constructs, created or invented by sentient 'citizens'.

Because 'they' most assuredly exist as psychological creations; 'they' carry a significant 'emotional energy', which perhaps can be modelled in a form of 'consciousness' in physical parameters following an unification of the language codes underpinning 'their' reality as 'emotion-charged' and say mental energy constructions.

So then let us decode the title encoding and before we discover how the mathematics underpinning the modern sciences, became born from omniscience.

This will introduce a scenario, where no numbers exist at all; so the decoding following is necessarily post-facto and assuming the Set of Natural Numbers N, say given in a statement, such as: N={1,2,3,4....n; nÞn+1 PMI}; and where PMI is a label for a procedure termed Principle of Mathematical Induction.

'Perfect Numbers' or PN's are those numbers of the set N, which add all their factors to sum their eigenstate or self-identity.

Then the first PN is PN1=6=1+2+3=1.2.3=√(6²)=(1.2.3)^1.

The second PN is PN2=1+2+4+7+14=28=√(28²)=√(1.2.4.7.14)^½=√784.

PN3=496=1+2+4+8+16+31+62+124+248=(1.2.4.8.16.31.62124.248)^¼ and

PN4=8128=1+2+4+8+16+32+64+127+254+508+1016+2032+4064=

(1.2.4.8.16.32.64.127.254.508.1016.2032.4064)^1/6.

In more detail:

6=1+2+3=½[3][4]

28=1+2+3+4+5+6+7=½[7][8]=1³+3³=1+2+4+7+14

496=1+2+3+...+30+31=½[31][32]=1³+3³+5³+7³

=1+2+4+8+16+31+62+124+248

8128=1+2+3+...+127+128=½[127][128]=1³+3³+5³+7³+9³+11³+13³+15³

=1+2+4+8+16+32+64+127+254+508+1016+2032+4064

We shall reencounter the mathematical form of.. Σ=½[n][n+1] later, but note here, that there exists this 'special number' x=2 as the solution for the quadratic x+x=2x=x²=4  or  x²-2x=0.

This is the only number of the set N, whose 'doubling' is identical to its 'squaring'.

It also defines the 'Derivative' of the 'Perfect Square'  x² as d(x²)=2x.dx.

We may also define a set PN={PN1; PN2; PN3; PN4;...PNn}={6; 28; 496; 8128;...PNn} and as a subset of N.

We now write:

 PN1+PN2=6+28=34=1+2+3+4+(4.6)=10+4.6 and

PN1.PN2=6.28=168=4.42=(4.7).6=(10+4.6).6.

Additional decompositions can then be constructed in 'Pure Number Theory. The emphasis here is on the factorisation of the factors 4,6 and 7; as those factors shall reappear in the cosmogenesis of the universe from an algorithmic number string.

10=1+2+3+4 is of course  the Pythagorean Tetractys for the basis of dimensions and defines the Platonic Tetrahedron  as the basic minimal structure for a 3D-Volume in a 4D-Spacetime.

1 point represents the 0th dimension or 'singularity', forming the 1st dimension in connecting to a second such point as a straight- or curved line, the latter being named geodesic and as the shortest connection between the two points.

2D is formed in connecting both points to a noncollinear 3rd point as a triangular plane, either flat or curved as say sperically convex or hyperbolically concave.

3D then is the introduction of a 4th point, noncoplanar to the 2D triangular plane constructing the Platonic Tetrahedron.

Omniscience aka the 'science  of divinity' of the Greek alchemists now allows the arbitrary assignment of alphanumeric codes, which so enable us to proceed with the unification of the languages underpinning the politico-social and religio-cultural constructs of global societies.

We begin with ONE and TWO in assigning SOME alphanumeric mapping, say the Arabic Alphabet in a ONE-to-ONE correspondence with the set N, say in the set of pairings, given by:

§={(1,A);(2,B);(3,C);...;(24,X);(25,Y);(26,Z)}.

We also introduce a property of the set N in rootreducing a decimal 10-count in the repeatability of the 9 elements in a definition:

9=0+9=1+8=18*=2.9*=2+7=27*=3.9**=3+6=36***=49***=...(10-1)=99**********=11.9**********=....etc . etc.

We have ONE=15+14+5=34→3+4=7 and TWO=20+23+15=58→5+8=13=4*.

Now we apply a 'Perfect Symmetry' to some of our linguistic labellings, irrespective from the native language they derived, albeit translated.

ALLAH=ALHLA=34=ONE and ALHLA as an anagram of ALLAH is rendered perfectly symmetric in reading the same from right to left, as it does from left to right.

Also we have GOD=26=ALHLA-8  and where 26 represents the total number  count of the applied alphanumeric code, so unifying two linguistics in a perfect symmetry in a first application. The code would extend in multiples akin the rootreduction applied before in A*=27; B*=28;...;A**=53  and so on.

GODDOG=DOGGOD=2.GOD=GOD²=52→5+2→7***=3+4→ONE=ALLAH.

GOD+H=ALLAH=GOD+8=GOD+∞, both symbolically and symmetrically.

TWO=GODDOG+6=52+6 and where now ABBA=6 defines the 1st BASE as the first Perfect Number in the selfsame 'Perfect Symmetry'.

So alphanumerically, ALLAH encompasses GOD as ONE in a 'Perfect Symmetry' and this symmetry 'Doubles GOD' in the ONE as TWO in the addition of the first basic PN1=6=1+2+3=1.2.3.

 

3. The Decoding of the Title and 'Baby-Talk'

A TWO BASE or AL QAEDA in the code KQ=28.

ABASE=1+27=28=PN2=QAEDA=17+1+5+4+1=17+11=28=GOD+2=PN1+4+5+6+7

and where PN=6=1+2+3 becomes the basis for PN2.

TWO=58→5+8=13=AL=1+12=4*=2*+2*=(2*)².

K=11 and Q=17 for K+Q=28 and K.Q=187=1+8+7→16→1+6=7→7***=ALLAH.

A TWO BASE=86→14→5→AL QAEDA=41=5****

{Aside: ATWOBASE=MELCHISEDEC as the 'New Testament' version for the 'Old Testament' or Torah or Dead Sea Scroll form for MELCHIZEDEK=101.

Define another and not language based mapping between the set N and the Set p of PRIME NUMBERS:

P={2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97,101} for the 26 elements of our applied alphanumeric  code of the Arabic Alphabet.

Also define a Set B, to map the Set N in binary notation for the 26 elements in §.

B={1,10,11,100,101,110,111,...,11010}.

The  5-sequence is: 5→14→23→32→41→50→59→68→77→86→95→104→... and so 86=5*********=41**** etc.

This allows us to relate 86dec=41dec****= 5dec*********→5dec5bin=101

in the pairings: §5={5dec,E}={101bin,E}={11prime,E}→§26={26dec,Z}={101prime,Z}.

So the 26th prime number in N is 101 completes all primes whose digits are less than 3 in(ex)cluding the identity element 1}.

So we have the first two 'Perfect Numbers' defining two most potent cultural labellings in ALLAH=28 and GOD=26=ALLAH-2 with ABBA=6.

ABBA=BABA=BAAB=6 and in many languages relates to 'Baby Talk' and the first 'perfectly symmetric' utterings of tonal expressions such as PAPA=PAAP and POP and MOM and MUM and MAMA=MAAM and NAN and NUN and so on for both fatherly and motherly name callings and identifications.

ABBA is encoded in scripture, say  in Galatians.4.6; Romans.8.15 and Mark.14.36 and one finds similar like PUP for young animals and even in the name of a Swedish popgroup.

 

4. The Question of the Count for the Reader

If a set PN={Perfect Numbers} can be used to harmonise languages with a mathematics of 'Pure Number Theory' and in the utility of abstract symbolic mappings and the set PN is itself a subset of the set of natural numb ers N; then where did this set N come from?

Allow me then to relate a simple story and ask YOU, the reader to answer a question in this context.

If YOU then are able to answer the question, then YOU will know where the set N came from from first principles, being created by your own makings.

Imagine yourself to live a long time ago, say about 30,000 years on the planet earth in an era known as the Late Pleistocene epoch (about 130,000 to 10,000 years ago) and presume, that no such thing as science or mathematics in its abstract nomenclatures has entered your perception.

But YOU live in a world of survival and say have become aware of your environment to various degrees. YOU know the elements of air, water, fire and earth and their immediate effects on you in terms of qualities, such as coldness, hotness, wetness and dryness say.

YOU  know about survival and food and instinctually blend into your environs.

YOU also have accumulated and collected things, including a number of 'tamed' animals, say wild fowl or prehistoric cattle or sheep.

Say YOU have a 'flock' of Pleistocene Bighorns, which YOU have confined in some enclosure of some sort.

Then for your Bighorns to graze and to be be fertile and to multiply, YOU must release them periodically, say in the early mornings and regather them in the late afternoons.

Now YOU have found out a 'secret' about the behaviour of your Bighorns.

YOU can 'control' them to a great extent, in concentrating your efforts of collecting your flock on their leader.  YOU have found out by observation, that the flock appears to follow their leader, say what would today be labelled as an  alpha-(fe)male and your strategy engages the fellowship of the flock with that leader.

So after releasing the flock in the mornings, YOU seek for that leader in the afternoon and in bringing him or her back into the enclosure, the others will follow.

This you have done for a while, when YOU notice something odd. One day YOU gain the perception, that your flock of Bighorns has diminished. YOU get the distinct impression, that there were more Bighorns in the morning, than there seem to be in the afternoon; and this despite the leader appearing 'constant' as normal.

Puzzled by this, YOU work out a way of establishing for certain if your flock has shrunk or not.

Remember that YOU do not know how to count - numbers of any sort do not exist.

So the question is how YOU can ascertain the size of your flock of Bighorns in using the environment YOU do know.

I am sure, that most readers will have little difficulties in answering this question and in doing so those readers will have found out, how the set N of the natural numbers came into existence in say the Pleistocene environments.

 

5. The Answer to the Count & Mathematical Complexity

The invention of the set N of the Natural Numbers N={1;2;3;...;n;n+1;...} became a set of correspondences, say between a 'bag of pebbles' and the 'sheep' to be counted.

The shepherd(dess) transfers one pepple for every sheep from a full bag into a originally empty bag say. So if all the pebbles or sticks or stones or tokens are transferred, then all the sheep are accounted for.

In such or similar manner proceeded the manifestation of the set N as the basis for theoretical physics in particular and the overall measurement dependent sciences in general.

A next order of complexity would be the distiction between the tokens, say the introduction of coloured or otherwise differentiated pebbles for the purpose to identify individual 'sheep' or groupings of them as subsets of N.

Mathematical complexity then eventuates in the extension of the set N into the Integers or set Z, which include both positive and negative members of N and also introduce the 'Identity for Addition' element 0 in say n+(-n)=0.

This introduces our previously encountered formulation Σ=½[n][n+1] from first principles.

T(n)=n(n+1)=2Σ defines a 'doubled count' for the Arithmetic progression or A.P. of 'absolute' values for the set N AS the set Z. An 'absolute number' can be defined in the form -(-a)=a via the 'additive identity' element 0=a+(-a).

T(n) so becomes the Sum to n terms of this doubled set from Z={-n;...-3;-2;-1;0;+1;+2;+3;...;n}.

For example; adding all integers, both positive and negative, from 1 to 5 as 1+2+3+4+5=15 gives T(n)=T(5)=5.6=30 as 2Σ for the A.P. Count Σ=½T(n).

This is also the foundation for the 'Perfect Numbers' in: 

PN1=1+2+3=2^1(2^2-1)=2.3=6 and

PN2=1+2+3+4+5+6+7=2^2(2^3-1)=4.7=28=1+2+4+7+14 and

PN3=½(31)(32)=2^4(2^5-1)=16.31=496=1+2+4+8+16+31+62+124+248 and

PN4=½(127)(128)=2^6(2^7-1)=64.127=8,128.

These are the classical PN's known to the Greeks, the more complex and meaning longer' PN's begin with:

PN5=33,550,336=2^12(2^13-1)=4096.8191=½(8191)(8192)=Σ{1³+3³+5³+...+127³} and

PN6=8,589,869,056=2^16(2^17-1)=(65536)(131071)=Σ{1³+3³+5³+...+511³}  and so on continue for prime number exponents 'n' in the expression 2^[n-1](2^n-1).

So one can see, that exponent  n=2,3,5,7,13,17,19,31,61,89 defines a subset of

P={2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97,101} in say P*={2,3,5,7,13,17,19,31,61,89 } for 10 members, which are 'missing' in the coset P'={11,23,29,37,41,43,47,53,59,67,71,73,79,83,97,101}.

One can question as to why the exponent n=11 does NOT define a Perfect Number.

2^11-1=(2048-1)=2047=23.89 and so the first of the 'Mersenne' factors (2^n-1), which is NOT prime (2^2-1=3; 2^3-1=7; 2^5-1=32-1=31).

So the fifth iteration, defining the first 'modern' PN also discriminates the prime numbers in the first element of the complementary set P* as subset of P.

The number 11 is also the first element of the Maria Numbers; whose prime elements are: PM={11;131;197;263;383;449;...}.

 The Maria-Code is a matrix from the Genesis Code using the decimal monad and is defined in:
+n-66k=0; M(k)+99=M(k+12); S(n)=½n(n+1)=>33k.


The first Maria Numbers are: 11,21,32,33,44,54,65,66,77,87,...
Every Maria Number describes One of the integers, which being the last term of the SUM of all the integers preceeding it, is divisible by the number 33, i.e mod33.}

For example 1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11=½11.12=66 and this is 2.33 as the first Maria Number being divisible by 33.

Why mod 33?

Add up the following rootreductions of Maria Numbers.

A defining matrix is:


11 65 110 164 209 263 .......This is the rootreduced 2
21 66 120 165 219 264 .......This is the rootreduced 3
32 77 131 176 230 275 .......This is the rootreduced 5
33 87 132 186 231 285 .......This is the rootreduced 6
44 98 143 197 242 296 .......This is the rootreduced 8
54 99 153 198 252 297 .......This is the rootreduced 9
65 110 .................................Repeat as 2*
66 120 .................................Repeat as 3*....

But 2+3+5+6+8+9=33 AS the space dimensions in Quantum Relativity.

The time-dimensions of the fourfolded nesting are of course then the missing numbers 1+4+7=12.

Furthermore, the prime number 23=2³ +2³ +1³+1³+1³+1³+1³+1³+1³ represents the rootreduction in showing the maximum decomposition of a prime number into cubes  to be the number 9 and for the general case for any positive integer of N.

22=2.8+6; 21=2.8+5; 20=2.8+4; 19=2.8+3; 18=2.8+2; 17=2.8+1; 16=2.8; 15=1.8+7; 14=1.8+6;.....always less than 9.

24=3.8; 25=3.8+1; 26=3.8+2; 27=3.3.3; 28=1.27+1;....; etc.

We also find a HARMONIC Property for the Perfect Numbers in their inverses and giving our 'special number' 2 from x² =2x.

2=1/1+1/2+1/3+1/6=1/1+1/2+1/4+1/7+1/14+1/28

=1/1+1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16+1/31+1/62+1/124+1/248+1/496 and so on.

Mathematical Complexity indeed!

But our elementary summation T(n)=n(n+1) can also be udes as a basis for counting 'particle histories', as in Feynman's path-Integral in quantum mechanics and as a proportionality factor in the first oder differential equation for our universal wavefunction: dB(n,T)/dT(n)+alpha.B(n,T)=0.

This defines a gaussian distribution of spacetimes and transforms to the integral equation: ∫dB/B=-Alpha.dT for solution ln(B/Bo)=-Alpha.T(n) or

B(n,T)=Bo.℮^-Alpha.T(n).

This is of course a standard template for a multitude of solutions for eigenvalues of differential equations, because the derivative of the exponential function ℮^x is its own identity as d(℮^x)/dx=℮^x.

The fundamental cosmogenesis of Quantum Relativity applies this property in association with the T(n) summation as dimensionless cycletime n and in utility of the mathematical definition of the exponential function f(x)=℮^x from first principles.

We have of course omitted the emergence of more complex number systems, algebras and geometries from the set of integers Z from this T(n) definition.

The set Z leads to the set of the rational numbers Q, which are expressible in the form a/b, with both a and b elements of Z and applying the principle of inversion with 'inversion identity 1' given in say the statement a.(1/a)=1 and where the '.' implies multiplication in the basic definition as a 'shortcut' for addition (3.x=x+x+x, say).

Algebras are then constructed in additional properties, such as distributive and associative laws formally defined in statements, such as a(b+c)=ab+ac (distributive) and a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c  and a(bc)=(ab)c (associative).

The set Q then extends to the Real Numbers R in algebraic solutions (as roots) to polynomial equations P(x)=(x-a)(x-b)(x-c)...(x-k)..=A+Bx²+Cx² +...

If no such roots can be found, then the real numbers so given are termed transcendental or nonalgebraic and include ℮ and p.

We can define ℮ as a limit of an infinite series: ℮ =lim(1+1/n)^n for n→∞.

This results in a series of approximations for ℮ as say:

℮={(n,℮n):(1,2);(2,9/4=2.25);(3,64/27=2.37037..);...;(100,2.7048..);...}.

Quantum Relativity now uses this definition to model the expansion of the universe from first principles in defining the expansion parameter 'a' in General Relativity in the definition:

1/'a'=Rmax/R(n)=(1+1/n) for R(n)=Rmax(n/(n+1))=Rmax(1-1/(n+1)).

This so gives an asymptotic expansion for the universe in integral cycles of the set N.

At the Big Bang, n≠0, but very close to it in a definition of an 'absolute minimum' nomin/Rmax=Ho.tmin, say and where dn/dt=Ho=c/Rmax and as a 'nodal' frequency constant for the expansion parameter.

Subsequently, R(no)=Rmax(1-1/(no+1))=Rmaxmin/(Rmaxmin))=λmin to the order of 10^-49 if no=6.25..x10^-49 say.

So the 'TIME' of the Big Bang in the 'End of the Inflation' is:

to=no/Ho=Rmax.λmin/c.Rmaxmin/c=1/fmax. in the identity c=fmaxλmin=Ho.Rmax.

The universe so becomes nodally defined in the fractals of the expansion parameter: {(1-1);(1-1/2);(1-1/3);(1-1/4);...;(1-1/[n+1]}={0;1/2;2/3;3/4;...;n/[n+1]}.

This is an asymptotic expansion ever approaching, but never reaching the unitary state and mimicking the mathematical abstract definition of the natural exponent ℮.

This expansion will be 'perfectly flat' and of Zero Curvature as required in the Friedmann-Einstein-Walker cosmology described in General Relativity; the latter utilising spacetime metrics lower bounded in the λmin parameter of Quantum Relativity. We shall detail this scenario later in this discourse.

Extending the set R to the set C of the Complex Numbers, which then can be further manipulated to give Quaterniaons and Octonions; provides a kind of limit however.

The set R is often depicted as a Numberline in a 1D setting of the Count. The set C uses a 2D representation, where the 'Real Part' of a Complex Number is given as the first member of a couple and the 'Imaginary Part' as a second member; say z=(a,b)=a+ib and so allows a 'Vector' definition of say the Cartesian Coordinates (x,y) as Polar Coordinates (r,q). Here r is the modulus of z and defined as r=Ö(x²+y²) via the transformation (x,y)=(rcosq,rsinq). The Identity i is defined as i=Ö(-1) for i²=1.

Addition properties for complex numbers so become vector additions in the plane and so relate to theoretical physics in a fundamental manner.

Multiplication of complex numbers become rotations in that plane in the addition of the angles q, also termed arguments or arg(z).

As complex numbers can also be written in the modulus-argument form of:

 z=rcis(iq)=r(cosq+isinq)=r.℮^iq (Euler Formula).

So multiplying complex numbers in the Euler formula shows that the geometric interpration of that multiplication is a rotation in the plane in an addition of the arguments or angles q.

z1.z2=(a1+ib1).(a2+ib2)=[a1.a2-b1.b2]+i[a1.b2+a2.b1]=r1.℮^iq1 r2.℮^iq2 =(r1r2).℮^i[q1+q2].

Example:

Let z1=3+4i=(3,4) and z2=12-5i=(12,-5) for arg(z1)=arctan(4/3)=53.13010235.......° with r1=Ö(3²+4²)=5 and arg(z2)=arctan(-5/12)=-22.61986495...° for modulus            r2=Ö(25+144)=13.

Then z1z2=(r1r2).℮^i[q1+q2]=(5.13).℮^i[q1+q2]=(5.13).℮^i[53.13010235..-22.61986495..]° for

 z1z2=65.cis[30.5102374..°]=z3=(3+4i).(12-5i)=[36+20]+i[-15+48]=56+33i=(56,33).

But modulus z3=Ö(56²+33²)=Ö(4225)=65 and arg(z3)=arctan(33/56)=30.51023741....° and as required.

Theoretical physics utilises the described mathematical properties of the complex numbers in assoc iation with the properties of the natural exponent extensively. The function f(x)=℮^x has its derivative as its own identity and so many differential equations will have solutions in exponential forms and particularly as superpositions of exponential and trigonometric series, given in most basic form by the Euler Formula z=r.℮^iq.

Bohr's  'Theory of the Atom' of 1913 lead to the quantum state of the hydrogen atom, given by:

En=-me.e^4/(8h².eo²n²) for reduced electronmass me, charge e, permittivity eo² and Planck's constant h. When the atom goes to a state of lower energy, electromagnetic radiation is emitted via E=hf, with f the frequancy of the emitted photon.

Now Bohr only used classical physics, such as conservation of angular momentum and in conjunction with the quantisation of the orbital pathlength to derive this formula.

The solution of Schroedinger's wave equation gives the same formula, using the modern nonclassical approach of quantum mechanics and Quantum-Field-Theory; which replaces classical mass, velocity and momentum by quantum 'Hamiltonian' operators.

"The Schrodinger equation plays the role of Newton's laws and conservation of energy and momentum in classical mechanics and so predicts the future behavior of a dynamic system. It is a wave equation in terms of the wavefunction which predicts analytically and precisely the probability of events or outcome. The detailed outcome is not strictly determined, but given a large number of events, the Schrodinger equation will predict the distribution of results. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/schr.html#c1


The kinetic and potential energies are transformed into the Hamiltonian which acts upon the wavefunction to generate the evolution of the wavefunction in time and space. The Schrodinger equation gives the quantized energies of the system and gives the form of the wavefunction so that other properties may be calculated."

This paper so shows are more elementary approach to theoretical physics, attempting to indicate the 'initial- and boundary' conditions for the cosmogenesis and as emergent from a 'pure number mathematics'.

The mathematical complexities of the modern theoretical physicist have evolved to such an extent, that increasing specialisation is required to broaded the frontiers in the interrelated but intrinsicating fields.

But where did it all come from? And what is the true nature of an electric charge and mass and inertia and what is space and time beyond the metrics?

 

6. Fundamental Constants from First Principles

The Mother of all Boundary Conditions must be the statement of:

 "No Boundary conditions apply!"