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Catch the last Scientific American, or the one before... It is not,
in this case, a "missing mass" thingy, it is "black holes, really aren't, the are these instead..."
The are taking a good shot between the eyes at the "ideal/pure" black hole with this one...
JS: Hi Allan! JS: I clarify at the appropriate part of the article in intespersion below:
From the October 2009 Scientific American Magazine | 34 commentsHow Quantum Effects Could Create Black Stars, Not HolesQuantum effects may prevent true black holes from forming and give rise instead to dense
entities called black starsBy Carlos Barceló, Stefano Liberati, Sebastiano Sonego and Matt Visser
European Space Agency, NASA and Felix Mirabel French Atomic Energy Commission, Institute
for Astronomy and Space Physics/Conicet of Argentina Key
Concepts- Black holes are theoretical structures in spacetime
predicted by the theory of general relativity. Nothing can escape a black hole's gravity after passing inside its event
horizon.
- Approximate quantum calculations predict that black holes
slowly evaporate, albeit in a paradoxical way. Physicists are still seeking a full, consistent quantum theory of gravity to
describe black holes.
- Contrary to physicists' conventional
wisdom, a quantum effect called vacuum polarization may grow large enough to stop a hole forming and create a "black
star" instead.
 October 2009 Issue
Black
holes have been a part of popular culture for decades now, most recently playing a central role in the plot of this year's
Star Trek movie. No wonder. These dark remnants of collapsed stars seem almost designed to play on some of our primal
fears: a black hole harbors unfathomable mystery behind the curtain that is its "event horizon," admits of no escape
for anyone or anything that falls within, and irretrievably destroys all it ingests.
To theoretical physicists,
black holes are a class of solutions of the Einstein field equations, which are at the heart
of his theory of general relativity. The theory describes how all matter and energy distort spacetime as if it were
made of elastic and how the resulting curvature of spacetime controls the motion of the matter and energy, producing the force
we know as gravity. These equations unambiguously predict that there can be regions of spacetime from which no signal can
reach distant observers. These regions-black holes-consist of a location where matter densities approach infinity (a "singularity")
surrounded by an empty zone of extreme gravitation from which nothing, not even light, can escape. A conceptual boundary,
the event horizon, separates the zone of intense gravitation from the rest of spacetime. In the simplest case, the event horizon
is a sphere-just six kilometers in diameter for a black hole of the sun's mass.
So much for fiction and theory.
What about reality? A wide variety of high-quality astrophysical observations indicates that the universe does contain some
extremely compact bodies that emit essentially no light or other radiation of their own. Although these dark objects have
masses ranging from just a few suns to well over a million suns, their diameters, as best astrophysicists can determine, range
from only several kilometers to millions of kilometers-matching general relativity's predictions for black holes of those
masses.
Yet are these dark and compact bodies that astronomers observe really the black holes predicted by general
relativity? The observations to date certainly fit the theory quite well, but the theory itself is not entirely satisfactory
in the way that it describes black holes.
In particular, general relativity's prediction that a singularity resides
inside every black hole suggests that the theory fails at that location, as is usually the case when a theory predicts that
some quantity is infinite. Presumably general relativity fails by not taking into account quantum effects, which matter and
energy exhibit at the microscopic scale.
The search for a modified theory that incorporates quantum mechanics,
generically called quantum gravity, is a powerful engine driving a lot of activity in theoretical physics research.
This
need for a quantum theory of gravity raises fascinating questions: What would quantum-corrected black holes be like? Would
they be radically different from classical black holes, or would their classical description remain a good approximation?
The four of us have shown that certain quantum effects may well prevent black holes from forming at all. Instead a kind of
object we have named a black star could arise.
A black star would be blocked from taking the final plunge
to infinite density and from becoming enveloped in an event horizon. The black star would be supported by something not normally
considered to be a sturdy construction material: space itself.
JS: This is the point rectified
by string/Membrane theory. There is NO singularity at the center of a Black Hole, as it becomes a Kerr-Ring; cross-section
the Planck-Length and a 'magnified' toroidal radius in the 5D-Gravity extension also basic to the 'Holographic
Universe' as informaton mapping of 3D onto a higher-D surface models.
The researchers here are
however onto something more basic in the cosmology. They are attempting to model the PROTOSTARS, which preceeded the formation
of stars, galaxies and Black Holes very early in the Big Bang Cosmology.
I have extensively described
the 'Black Stars' as 'Ylemic Neutron Stars' over the years.
Briefly; the gravitational inwards
pressure is balanced by the thermal outward pressure ON THE QUANTUM parametric realm.
This gives an YLEMIC Schwarzschild
Radius of formula:
Rylem=√{kTylemRe 3/Gomnucleon2}
This formula is 'normally' derived via collapsing hydrogen clouds under their own gravity in the
standard models. There the 'Jeans-Radius and the 'Jeans-Mass' etc. are used to model the emergence of solar systems
from stellar nebulae and so on.
The above formulation is MORE ELEMENTARY, as it uses the quantum
parameters (like the SciAm article) to SHOW that the PROTOSTARS were INDEPENDENT on their mass as a function of their temperature
only.
The ylemic radius THEN allows synthesis with the Schwarzschild radius of General Relativity.
The 'Black Stars' of the SciAm article are these 'protostars' as vortex-precursors of the
ZPE and which then BECAME the neutron star and quasar seeds for Black Holes, themselves then activating as the SEEDS
for 'much colder' galaxies to form.
Example: The temperature scale for these protostars
relates 'supermagnetars=black stars' in radii of so 40 km down to the (Planetesimal) limit of about 2 km.
The maximum requires an ylemic temperature of so 600 Billion K and the minimum gives 1.2 billion K AS THE Nuclear Fusion
ignition temperature in average stars.
So now put in the Schwarzschild metric of an ordinary Chandrasekhar
star of 1.5 solar masses and you get precisely the characteristics for 'ordinary' neutron stars of lower temperature
(known from neutrino emissions).
Rylem=7.5 km=2GMCh/c2 for
Tylem=20 Billion K.
JS
The Weight of Quantum Nothingness
We derive our conclusions
by applying a venerable approach known as semiclassical gravity, but without making all the same assumptions about the collapsing
matter that previous studies have made-to see if we might avoid the paradoxical territory arrived at by those studies. In
the absence of a full-fledged theory of quantum gravity, theorists have resorted to semiclassical gravity over the
past 30-odd years to analyze how quantum mechanics alters black holes. This method partially incorporates aspects of quantum physics-in particular, quantum field theory-into classical Einsteinian gravity.
Read Comments (34) | Post a comment 1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >
The Presence of the Mosaic
implies the will of Unity=God=Starhumanity and not the will of Humanity=Man=Separation!
FUTURE SHADOWS OF THE PAST
"A most wondrous thing the Shadow is, a redeemer in all to succour;
it can go where the light cannot abide,
seemingly banished, it is not.
For where the light is, the darkness flees, no longer present to endure;
so to become
illuminated is its destined journey and its troubled lot.
But without the light, no Shadow can be cast, its such
a splendid key;
the dimensions reduce in
space from three to two and all in just the one.
Betwixt the light and the darkness it is and part of both for all to
see;
the Shadow of the body, does it not merge all in its rule under the sun?
Whatsoever can cast a
Shadow, must be a most wondrous thing to relay;
as nature's very own offspring, the young ones grow towards their
final goal.
Enabled to bring peace to so many things appearing apart and so far away;
the reconciliation for the
suffering body with its spirit and its scattered soul."
http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/ and http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/quantumrelativity
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To: quantumrelativity@yahoogroups.com
From:
light.rock@gmail.com
Date: Thu, 22 Oct 2009 15:18:00 -0500
Subject: Re: [cph_theory] RE: [quantumrelativity] Re:
Quantum Immortality
On Thu, Oct 22, 2009 at 1:30 PM, Tony Bermanseder <PACIFICAP@hotmail.com> wrote:
You lost me on the 'adding the Modular Duality'. This is simply the closure of the electromagnetic
frequency spectrum from its linearity from lowest radiowaves to highest gamma rays (all inertia-Coulomb charge emergent) by
the minimum superstring selfstate becoming 'dual' as the high energy-minimum wavelength in vibration 'coupling'
to the low-energy-maximum wavelength in winding. The former is the wormhole and the latter the galactic supercluster scale.
The string-membrane coupling is inertia independent and so IS NOT produced by the creation of electromagnetic radiation
from mass-electric charge coupling (acceleration).
Gee, that helps... :( Give me a while to digest, I might have to burp a few times... NoSpace/NowTime - got it, it would explain how a generally accepted understanding
of "black hole" can "still manage to exist and manifest the effect of gravity" without disappearing from
the universe completely. Recently however there was an article demonstrating the quantum effects should tend to prevent
the "idealized black hole" and instead end up with a "black star" slash "layer cake", still
ultimately capable of manifesting an 'event horizon' with the larger ones, but far less likely with the 'smaller
This is a furphy. 'Black Stars' are invoked to 'add the missing mass' and are not physical. Catch the last Scientific American, or the one before... It is
not, in this case, a "missing mass" thingy, it is "black holes, really aren't, the are these instead..."
The are taking a good shot between the eyes at the "ideal/pure" black hole with this one...
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