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The Holographic Bound for the Universe as Information Processor

The Holographic Bound for the Universe as Information Processor

and the Creation of discretisised SpaceTime

How big is the universe and could it be growing in size?

Has the universe always existed and will it ever end or was it created and is eternal?

These are questions even little children ask their parents and their teachers.

Cosmologist throughout the history of human endeavour and science have pondered those

questions and sought to derive answers.

1. Preliminaries and Introduction

2. Demetrication of General Relativity and the Deceleration Parameter

3. The Holographic Principle and the 3D-Universe as a Hologram of 4D-SpaceTime

4. Thermodynamic Entropy and Shannon Information

5. The Universal Entropy Bound (UEB) and the Holographic Entropy Bound (HB)

6. The Cosmos as Information Processor and the FRW-Universe

7. The Nodal Hubble-Constant in GR relates the entropic spacetime quanta counters in QR

8. SpaceTime Creation and a Definition for the Fundamental Demetricated Scalefactor in QR

1. Preliminaries and Introduction

The last 20 years of modern science and its discoveries by experiment and observation have

now allowed a well informed convergence of data and fact to answer the perennial questions

harboured in the human minds of the enquirers.

This treatise then will answer those questions in a synthesis of the accumulated data base

collected by the endeavours of science.

I shall make a special reference to a popular paper published by Scientific American to set the

background for the 'new' scientific concepts, with whom most readers will be unfamiliar in

terminology, yet about which they have heard of in peripheral contexts.

The paper is by Jacob. D. Bekenstein; Scientific American; August 2003, pages 48-55 and

entitled: "Information in the Holographic Universe".

Those peripheral contexts engage the idea of higher superbrane dimensions, modular duality

and the universe as a collector and processor of information, somewhat akin to mass/energy

as the hardware and the information linked and derived from that processed by the programmed

software as a cosmic intelligence or consciousness.

But can the universe be modelled on a computerised system?

QR has shown, that the so called fundamental constants of nature are algorithmically determinable.

So the natural laws are ultimately set in a computational mode, based on simple geometrical laws

and relationships.

Those 'geometric' laws are themselves derived from abstract encodings of the intrinsic algorithmic

symmetries or EigenStates and particularly a pentagonal supersymmetry or number patterns is

directly obtained from the computational mode as number series and pattern.

This mode we call the Binary Dyad [0,1], representing for example the Inflow-Outflow VPE (for

Vortex-Potential-Energy) for something we shall determine to be discrete spacetime quanta.

The physical manifesto for this Binary Dyad or BIT is the concept of a 10-dimensional superstring,

which begins as a closed or angular Eigenstate of '0' and then opens or linearises itself as the

Eigenstate of '1', before recircularising back to the '0' SelfState.

This superstring with open and closed Eigenstates is called the Planck-Boson of superstring class I

in a family of five suprstrings of classes (I, IIA, IIB, HO(32) and HE(8x8)).

If one then allows certain primary algorithms to operate as the 'cosmic intelligence' or software on

the POTENTIAL Mass/Energy DEFINED by those algorithms or programs, then the hardware of the POTENTIAL becomes REALISED or manifested as the observable and measurable universe.

And this manifestation must necessarily follow the simplest and minimum 'energy definition' of that

of the Planck-Boson by the considerations of the above.

Subsequently, the universe's hardware consists of a continual transformation of Eigenstates defined mathematically by the parameters of primordial subtimespace algorithms manifested as the Planck-

Boson in a continuous process of transforming itself across dimensions and particular selfstates

known as elementary particles or wavelets.

The trouble with this idea is that the subtimespace must by necessity be UNDEFINED in the parameters of space and time and yet DEFINED in the 'algorithmic timespace'.

This however greatly simplifies the mathematics for the superstring classes, which must incorporate a 12-dimensional continuum of 10 spacial dimensions and 2 time dimensions for its

inner mathematical necessity, sufficiency and selfconsistency.

We shall reencounter those 'higher dimensions' in the discussion about the consequences of the

Holographic Boundary Conditions but note here, that the present state of physics attempts to unify Quantum Theories applicable to the micro-Eigenstates with the macro-Eigenstates of classical physics as culminated in the theories of the relativities, the latter which could be considered differential-geometric.

What links those two realms of the micro/smallest with the macro/largest is however the Principle of Holography.

A Hologram of a mirror, say, represents a repository of information about this 'mirror' in terms of interference patterns (which is information derived from mass/energy interaction).

Now partitioning the 'mirror' (say shattering it into shards), would duplicate the entire information contained in the 'unbroken mirror' in every shard (with diminished intensity or luminosity, say).

So we consider the entire universe as the 'unbroken mirror' and partition it into the 'shards of spacetime quanta' - the universe thus consists of discrete spacetime-units as holographic projections of the universal hologram, each such projection being a deluminated image of the universe as a Hologram of One.

This Hologram of One is however DEFINED in the BIT of the Binary Dyad [0,1], leading us back to the supermembranes of MODULAR DUALITY.

In particular this Modular Duality engages the BIT in allowing a Twosided Surface to become Onesided.

This concept is well understood in the Moebius-Strip, where a rubber or ribbon, which has two distinct sides as the inner and the outer is reconnected in twisting one end through 180 degrees

before reconnecting, to create a Onesided Surface which has become doubled.

The extension for the Moebius-Strip is the Klein-Bottle, which derived from the Torus or Doughnut shape, enfolds space in such a way, that the 'bottle's surface' appears to be the

'bottle's volume'.

QR calls this topology of shape the differential geometry of the Moebius-Serpent transforming into the Klein-Bottle-Dragon via Moebius-Francom-Adjacency.

Those preliminaries now allow us to apply the Holographic Principle to the microstates of the superbranes as images for the macrostates of the universe.

We first have to 'eliminate' the spacetime 'metrics' of the macrostates and as given in GR in a process of demetrication.

This then renders the universe as a scalerelative universe, ultimately defined in parameters known as de Broglie phases.

2. Demetrication of General Relativity and the Deceleration Parameter

The demetrication of Einstein's Field equations in General Relativity (GR) leads directly to the

deceleration parameter qo in Standard Cosmology.

The details form part of the Theory of Quantum Relativity, which is discussed in particulars

in the forums and is available in file sections and the author's website

http://groups.msn.com/quantumrelativity.

The formulation is: qo=(Gravitational Omega W)/2=Mo/2Mcritical =>GoMo/lps^2 , [Eq.#1]

where Mo is a Baryonic Restmass/Inertial Mass-Seedling and Mcritical is the precise

masscontent of the universe required for perfect Euclidean flatness of zero curvature.

Go can be considered the Gravitational Constant applicable in an universe devoid of

any mass, where the gravitational constant would be identical to the inverse of the

Coulomb permittivity constant in free space as Go=4peo, (the derivation engages the fine-

structures for the electromagnetic and gravitational interactions in the subtimespace epoch

of the superbranes before the time-instanton and the Weyl-Geodesic definitions.

In that epoch the Planck-Scale of unitisation transforms in dimensionless 'wormhole'

parameters via superstring classes from the Planck-Scale-Oscillation to the Weyl-Geodesic).

The Weyl-Geodesic then becomes the quantum-smeared out spacetime-quantum, also termed Wolford-Centre in QR's terminology.

The Wolford-Centre then defines the parameters for the classical quantum epoch given in terms of energy, mass and electropolic Coulomb charges and manifesting the GR fields; as EMERGING from the nonclassical and de Broglie phased Whitescarver-State-Space of the superbrane epoch characterised in the subtimespaces of magnetocharges as inverse energy quanta for the Planck-Bosonic transformations.

The wavelength lps is the source-wavelength for the heterotic supermembrane HE(8x8),

which in modular duality with its sink-wavelength lss represents the Weyl-Geodesic for the

critical scale of the cosmogenesis where GR must be extended in Quantum Relativity (QR).

The source-wavelength could be called the perimeter for the wormhole satisfying the

Penrosian Weyl-Nullification hypothesis at the cosmic origin for the time instantanton,

(where the tidal force of the Riemann Tensor must vanish in a dewarping of all spacetimes

defined by GR) .

The above [Eq.#1] leads directly to the inflaton of de Broglie in considering the Radius of

maximum Curvature (Rmax) in GR to become the Schwarzschild Solution of the GR field

equations for the source-wavelenght lps as the vibratory part of the supermembrane EpsEss

(or HE(8x8)) and as applied to the gravitational Omega as the ratio between the baryonic and

the critical inertial mass definitions.

For then Rmax=2GoMo/c^2 => Rmax.fps^2 as the de Broglie PhaseAcceleration for the Identity of c-invariance {c=lps.fps=Rmax.Ho with Ho the nodal Hubble Constant specifying the selfsame de Broglie

inflaton}.

The above formulations show that the microstate of supermembrane EpsEss can be considered the

minimum Eigenstate for the Quantum Universe.

In particular the Volume of a SpaceTimeQuantum is 2p^2rps^3, where rps=lps/2p as the

wormhole radius of the Weyl-Geodesic of GR.

But the universal volume now is simply a quantum summation of this and of the form 2p^2Rmax^3.

QR calculates the numbercount of spacetimequanta for this universe (as 10D limit for Rmax) as an

algorithmic googolplex of just over 10^147 and, as we shall see, just the Holographic Entropy Bound predicted by Bekenstein.

3. The Holographic Principle and the 3D-Universe as a Hologram of 4D-SpaceTime

We now peruse Bekenstein's paper referenced before and extend its consequences by the principles

of Quantum Relativity.

John Archibald Wheeler (Princeton University) is quoted as being one of the first physicists to

consider the universe as being based upon a physics of information as primary effect and

emerging energy and mass as a secondary consequence.

Information supplied to physical ingredients like a robot, allow the mechanical instrument to

dynamically interact with its environment.

A ribosome in a 'living or biovital' cell is supplied amino acids to build body structures, but

without DNA instruction is unable to perform its programmed function.

What is the ultimate information capacity of a device defined in 'size' and 'mass'?

How much information can be stored on the universal computer chip, encoding the description for

the entire universe?

The Principle of Holography allows us to encode 3-dimensional information as a 2-dimensional

Hologram and as the interference pattern of a two-directional 'laserlight'.

One part of the laserbeam splits at a say semitransparent mirror to travel directly to a recording

device (photographic plate), whilst the other part of the lightbeam reflects of the object to be

recorded before forming an interference pattern at the recorder, thus creating the hologram of the

3D object as a 2D representation.

Reexposure or illumination of the hologram to the same laserlight then reproduces the 3D image

from the 2D record as a Holograph.

John Wheeler's words are poetisized by William Blake who penned the idea that one can 'see the

world in a grain of sand'.

So this is certainly true in holography, where the 3D grain of sand becomes a 2D hologram of it.

Applied to the 'volume' of the universe as the object to be recorded; its hologram would necessarily

be a mapping onto a 'surface' as a dimensionality reduced by one.

Thus a 4D-universe, defined in Minkowski-Einstein spacetime and the toroidal volume specified

before; would become equivalent to a 3D-Surface mapping as a hologram of this 4D-spacetime.

Standard Cosmology describes our 3D-perceived universe as just such a 3-dimensional surface

and calls it Riemann's Hypersphere of 4D-spacetime.

Here we extend the Standard Cosmology however in proposing that this hypersphere represents

a 'twisted' 3D Klein-Bottle-Dragon as the extension of the 3-Torus.

Then the twosided Moebius connection as a doubled onesided manifold is dimensionally extended

as an enclosed volume 'within' becoming holographically 'added to' the potentially infinite volume

'without'.

As a simple example consider the volume 'within' the planet Earth 'added to' the volume 'without'.

Here the total set of volume consists of the complements 'within' and 'without'.

But the interior of the Earth is well defined and finite as the volume of Earth; whilst the exterior

volume dependes on the curvature of space.

If the curvature is ellipsoidal or closed or positive, then a lightbeam sent anywhere into the

nightsky from your forehead, will eventually, after travelling around the perimeter of the universe

return to hit the back of your head. The universe is then spacially finite.

If the curvature is hyperbolic or open or negative, then the lightbeam will not return but diverge

eternally. The universe is then spacially infinite.

If the curvature is zero or flat, then the lightbeam will return but take an infinite amount of time

to do so in an asymptotic process.

The experimental data (COBE, BOOMERANG, WMAP) clearly indicates a flat universe, also

predicted by the Inflation models, instigated by Alan Guth (MIT) in the 1980's.

 

QR then has found that all three cases of curvatures apply simultaneously.

The 10D universe is hyperbolic and the 11D universe is ellipsoidal and superimposed they create

the measured flatness of zero curvature.

The 10D universe is but the holographic mapping of the 11D universe and therefore contained

within it as a higher dimensional cross-section.

Because the 'inside' of the 10D universe is Klein-Bottled as the 'outside', the 11D universe connects

the 10D to its own REALITY IMAGE in the 12th dimension as the mapping of the Doubled Onesided

Surface Mirror of 11D.

Because of the complementarity of the universal sets, the 'inside volume' is 'added to' the 'total volume'

through a cyclicity of the 11D-Witten-Mirror DEFINING the asymptotic flatness of Euclidean Zero-Curvature of flatness and as the observed and measured 4D-spacetime.

This realisation has important cosmological consequences.

The universe is POTENTIALLY INFINITE in 11 dimensions, thus allowing a continuous creation

of spacetime in the form of spacetime quanta as the discrete building blocks for a 10-11-12 D

spacetime triad in what is called OmniSpace in QR.

What are those dimensions and how are they connected?

The extended hypersphere definition allows us to reach the same conclusion as that given by the

standard description of 11-dimensional M-Theory describing the supermembranes with a potential twosidedness of the temporal time-dimension.

In M-Theory (Witten's M=Mother=Matrix=Magic=Mystery); 9 spacial dimensions are extended to 10 spacial dimensions in allowing the 1D-superstring to manifest as a 2D-supermembrane.

In F-Theory (Vafa's F=Father); 1 timedimension becomes two-arrowed in the entropy reversal of the

11th dimension in mirror symmetry.

This is just what we have described with QR's Omnispace dimensions, describing the

Klein-Bottle-Dragon, which forms the shape or morphology of the observed universe, residing

within and without higher dimensional embedded and encompassing higher dimensional space.

Using the 12D-Vafa-Space, we reduce the 12D-continuum to the familiar 3D-continuum under

agency of dimensional algorithmic rootreduction and the demetrication of Riemann's higher

dimensions, say as applied to GR.

QR recreates the Algorithmic NullState of the 0-Dimension as the CONNECTOR DIMENSION

between the 1st and the 12th dimension and defines the following.

LineSpace 1-2-3 as the Linearisation or UNFOLDING of the Circular Continuum of the NullState.

HyperSpace 4-5-6 as the Recircularisation or ENFOLDING of the Linear Continuum of LineSpace.

HyperSpace thus manifests as the ROTATIONAL properties of LineSpace.

QuantumSpace 7-8-9 as the Relinearisation or UNFOLDING of HyperSpace of a combined Linear

and Rotational dynamics.

QuantumSpace thus manifests as the VIBRATIONAL or oscillatory properties of LineSpace.

OmniSpace 10-11-12 as the Recircularisation or ENFOLDING of QuantumSpace as the combined

dynamics of Linearity, Rotation and Vibration.

OmniSpace thus manifests as the LineSpace in all of the observed and measured properties of its

physical constituents (which are the Planck-Boson transformations).

Quantum Relativity Conclusion!

The 'higher dimensions' are CONGRUENT with and AS the LineSpace dimensions.

The Time-Dimension is the Quality of the Linearisation of the Circularity and exists basically as

the PRECURSOR for the Space-Dimensions in allowing space to emerge from its own

dimensionless status as CYCLETIME n.

This is defined as dimensionless Tau-Time in GR's Curvature Radius Rc=c.dt/dt, as the LightPath.

In the circular OmniSpace dimensional continuum, Time does not exist (and neither space by implication).

1-2-3-(4)-5-6-(7)-8-9-(10)-11-12-(13=1=0) circularises the fourfolded OmniSpace continuum, rendering

dimensionalities 1-4-7-10 as the TIME-CONNECTOR dimensions 'shared' between the individuated

continuae (Line, Hyper, Quantum, Omni) as the NullStates.

The NullState then BECOMES DEFINED in the properties of the Weyl-Geodesic, the Time-

Instanton and the De Broglie Space-Inflaton in QR's cosmogenesis in the EpsEss heterotic

supermembrane parameters.

And those definitions then MUST specify the limits for all and mensuration techniques

applied by the 'hardware' to measure and observe itself and as programmed by the 'software'.

The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle MUST hence be finestructured in the wormhole parameters

and this is precisely the case in the QR formulations.

Heisenberg's Constant: h/4p=lps/[8pRe.c^3], with Re=10^10.lps/360 as the superbrane form for

the classical Electron Radius (Re=RCompton.Alpha).

Alpha is the electromagnetic Finestructure Constant and measures the interaction probability between matter and light,

as say in the photoelectric effect and the Compton Radius is the de Broglie Matter wavelength proportional to it as

harmonisation between the nuclear and the atomic realms directly derived from the quantisation of the Electron Radius

in terms of the wormhole or superbrane wavelength lps.

So we can consider OmniSpace to BE LineSpace with the 'higher dimensions' CONIFOLDED

either in 6-dimensional Calabi-Yau manifolds or as 7-dimensional Joycian surfaces.

OmniSpace is 10-11-12, which rootreduces to 1-2-3 in 1+0=1 and 1+1=2 and 1+2=3; which is the

algorithmic foundation of the BIT of the Binary Dyad [0,1] as described.

OmniSpace then considers dimensionalities 1=4=7=10 as the LineSpace Cardinality; dimensionalities

2=5=8=11 as the AreaSpace Cardinalities and dimensionalities 3=6=9=12 as the VolumeSpace

Cardinalities.

Two universes in Bekenstein's paper and reflecting the work of other prominent researchers into the holographic identity of the universe such as Leonard Susskind (Stanford University) can so have a

different dimensionality (differing by one) and obeying potentially different physical laws; yet are

rendered completely equivalent by the Holographic Principle.

The 5D de Sitter spacetime is empty and so highly symmetrical and expands at an accelerating rate

with a repulsing 'cosmological constant'.

The anti-de Sitter 5D spacetime then is empty, highly symmetrical and decelerates in an expansion

with an attractive 'cosmological constant'.

Whilst experimental data predicts our universe to become a 5D de Sitter universe because of an

apparent cosmic acceleration measured by Saul Permutter and Brian Schmidt in 1998 in

supernovae type Ia data; the Holographic Principle favours the anti-de Sitter spacetime for its

asymptotic boundary, located at 'infinity'.

QR predicts the measured acceleration as apparent, because of the 'intersection' of the 10D

universe with itself in 11D as the OmniSpace Image.

Because the superposition of the hyperbolic and ellipsoidal curvatures result in the measured

flatness, the Riemann-Spheres in OmniSpace selfintersect and result in 'overlapping' spacetimes,

which can be analysed by cosmological redshift data, which is required to be 'corrected' for the intersecting redshift intervals.

Needless to say, many present controversies regarding 'redshifts' are solved in superposing the

higher dimensional analysis centred on an epoch specifying redshift called the Arpian-Variation

Maximum by QR.

The redshift interval in question also coincides and elucidates a measurement for an Alpha-Fine-

structure-Constant-Dip through John Webb (UNSW), who measured quasar spectra of hydrogen

absorption lines on Mauna Kea, Hawaii with the 10m Keck telescope in 1998.

And the mathematical analysis for the Holographic Principle is in correlation with QR.

A 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is the object and is mapped as a 4D Minkowski flat spacetime as its

own hologram.

The periphery of the 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is its 'Boundary' as the 4D Riemann Hypersphere.

In OmniSpace however, the 5D is also the 11D, combining the 'Rotational' Degrees of Freedom of HyperSpace with the 'Vibrational' Degrees of Freedom of 8D QuantumSpace to reconstitute the 2D LineSpace as the 'Quantisational' Degrees of Freedom of 11D OmniSpace.

In other words, the 'infinite' boundary for the 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is also the 11D Witten-

Mirror, but now bounded by the Hubble-Friedmann-Radius of maximum curvature as Rmax,

calculated by QR to be 16.89 Billion lightyears.

The 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime is ruled by 10D superstrings, again implying the 11D identification

and the conformal mappings of the 4D spacetime onto the 5D spacetime relate the entropies of

the two universes to each other.

It is found, that a Black Hole in 5D is equivalent to 'Hot Radiation' in 4D as the hologram of the

Black Hole's entropy as thermodynamic entropy.

The source-entropy of outflow in 4D is found to precisely match the sink-entropy of inflow in 5D.

4. Thermodynamic Entropy and Shannon Information

Consider a glass of water.

Thermodynamic Entropy seeks to describe the number of permutations, which are possible between

the smallest constituents which comprise the isolated system (glass of water), without changing the

overall state of that system.

The 'glass of water' then remains invariant macroscopically, but its microscopic state of flux becomes

specified or measured by its entropy as the number of possible rearrangements of those smallest

constituents, may those be molecules, atoms, subatomic particles or superstrings.

Thermodynamic Entropy is thus measured as effect of Avogadro's Constant (NAv), relating the 'amount

of substance' as molarity in association with Boltzmann's Constant (k).

The universal Gas-Constant (R) at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) so is R=kNAv.

Formal Information Theory originated in 1948 with American applied mathematician

Claude E. Shannon, who introduced BIT-Entropy as a measure for Information Content.

Of course, we have already associated the BIT as an algorithmic representation for the superstrings;

so Shannon Information automatically relates QR to a measurement of entropy.

How many BITS or BINARY DIGITS are required to encode a certain amount of information?

Every modern communications device, ranging from cellular phones to modems to CD players

rely on Shannon Entropy as a 'counting of the BITS'.

Thermodynamic Entropy is basically Energy/Temperature which has the units of (k); whilst Shannon

Entropy is algorithmic and dimensionless.

A Silicon Computer Chip has dimensions of 1cubic centimetre and a mass of less than a gram.

If this chip carries one Gigabyte of data (1 Byte=8 BITS), then the Shannon Entropy is about 10^10,

whilst the Thermodynamic Entropy (at STP) is about 10^23 for common unitisation.

This vast difference is a consequence of the many different arrangements the molecules and atoms

with their electrons can assume in their 'Degrees of Freedom' of the before described modes of

translation, rotation and vibration.

Should we now reduce the atoms of the chip down to the superstrings, then the thermodynamic entropy

would increase exponentially, yet this can be ignored in thermodynamics because the individual quarks

and leptons remain in a sense invariant for the counting of the atomic states under consideration.

But under the relativistic conditions of the Quantum Big Bang Cosmogenesis and the Creation of the superstrings, all permuation states must be considered and this leads us into the Thermodynamic

Entropy of Black Holes and the LIMITS FOR INFORMATION DENSITY.

5. The Universal Entropy Bound (UEB) and the Holographic Entropy Bound (HB)

John Wheeler emphasized in the 1970's that the information 'falling' into a Black Hole seems to

violate the second law of thermodynamics, stating that any isolated system must increase its entropy or state of disorder.

This is the case, when one considers a Black Hole to be a highly ordered system, just specified by its size and mass in the Schwarzschild solution obtained in GR's demetrication.

The work of Stephen Hawking (Cambridge University) and Demetrious Christodoulou (then at Princeton under Wheeler's guidance), together with that of Jacob Bekenstein (then under Wheeler and now at Hebrew University of Jerusalem) showed however that Black Holes must possess thermodynamic properties, as their characteristic size or Event Horizon must always increase in area under merger.

Thus Bekenstein proposed in 1972, that the Black Hole's Entropy is proportional to its Surface Area of its Event Horizon.

Thus the 'lost' entropy of the infalling matter or information is transformed into Black Hole entropy as function of the Black Hole's Temperature.

So even in the case of a 'shrinking' Black Hole (emitting Hawking Radiation in its 'getting hotter'), the emergent radiation retransmits the previously 'lost' entropy as 'found' disorder.

In 1986 Rafael D. Sorkin (Syracuse University) applied the 'Generalised Second Law' (GSL)

in showing that it must be valid for all Black Hole processes down to the superstring level.

Hawking's Radiation process then specifies the proportionality between entropy and the Black Hole's Surface Area as precisely A/4, where area A is measured and quantised in Planck-Areas AP, with {AP=Goh/2pc^3 m^2=LP^2 and LP the Planck-Length}.

The entropy of a Black Hole the mass of the Earth (~6x10^24 kg) would be contained in the Earth's Schwarzschild Radius of about 1.5 cm and a surface area of so 2.8x10^-3 cubicmetres,

which comprises about 6.5x10^66/4 =1.6x10^66 BITS as entropy counter.

The thermodynamic entropy for 1 litre of water (10^-3 cubic metres) is about R/k or 6x10^23 BITS and it would take a 'cube of water' with a side of 1.3x10^14 metres to match the Earth's entropy as a Black Hole equivalent just 3cm across.

This standard for water is used to define the Universal Entropy Bound or UEB.

We now consider the Holographic Entropy Bound or HB in any energy or matter distribution as a spherical region of space as a Black Hole equivalence in inducing the contained matter distribution to collapse to its boundary of the event horizon, quantised in Planck Areas as the Limit of Information Density given in BITS and representing the mass-content as Black Hole parameter.

In such a scenario, the Shannon Entropy is equal to the Thermodynamic Entropy as the HB.

So in adding more and more computer chips together, one obtains Entropy proportional to the Surface Area of the computer chips 'pile' and NOT to the Volume of the 'pile'.

This counterintuitive result is a consequence of the Event Horizon specifying the 'breakdown' of the matter distributions and not the volume it occupies.

The Bekenstein paper referenced tabulates the following comparative data for the UEB and the HB with the size of the distributions plotted against the information capacity (in BITS) to give the linear proportions:

Human Chromosome....................(1 micron, 10^9 BITS); UEB=10^23 BITS & HB=10^58 BITS

Music CD......................................(10cm, 10^10 BITS); UEB=10^40 BITS & HB=10^68 BITS

Liter of Water as UEB Standard..(10cm, 10^23 BITS); UEB=10^40 BITS & HB=10^68 BITS

Library of Congress......................(10m, 10^15 BITS); UEB=10^52 BITS & HB=10^73 BITS

Internet..........................................(6500km, 10^16 BITS); UEB=10^75 BITS & HB=10^85 BITS

Intersection of UEB and HB........(10^12 m, 10^100 BITS);UEB=HB=10^100 BITS

Universe (projected).....................(10^26 m, 10^150 BITS).

One should now point out, that the Bekenstein Intersection for the UEB and the HB has a precise

counterpart in Quantum Relativity.

In QR the microscopic realm for the subatomic template is mapped onto the macroscopic world of

the cosmogenesis, after the subatomic quark quantum geometry has itself become magnified from the supermembrane epoch as exemplified in the quantisation of the classical Electron Radius in terms of the parameters of the Weyl-Geodesic.

In particular, the cosmogenesis maps the neutron's beta decay onto the evolution of the 10D universe as the hologram of the 11D universe.

Thus the time-and size-scales for the neutron are matched to what are known as neutron stars in their primordial form of prototypical dineutron- or ylem-stars.

So called pulsars and magnetars are subsequent generations for the ylem stars.

In particular, the ylemic evolution defines the Higgs Bosonic Blueprint for the restmass induction of the quark-leptonic families of the Standard Model in Particle Physics.

The Higgs-Bosonic template is characterised by certain spacetime markers, which allow the nucleonic differentiation into quarks and leptons in a neutrinoic kernel, an inner mesonic ring and an outer leptonic ring.

The Inner Mesonic Ring maps say markers G and F and the Outer Leptonic Ring maps marker E; all as spacetime quanta counters.

One can now easily deduce that there will be an intersection of the Riemann-Hyperspheres at those marker points (which were set in the de Broglie inflaton).

In the subatomic-nucleon template, this intersection corresponds to a precise formulation for the neutrinoic kernel of the Higgs Bosonic Blueprint and defines the Tau-(anti)neutrino inertial mass induction at centred on 3.00 eV (electronvolt).

The formulation for this restmass induction is given in the Scalar Higgs (anti)neutrino as part of the Higgs Bosonic template: nHiggs=(lps.me/2p.Re){E/G-E/F}=0.052 eV and me the effective mass for the electron.

This result was experimentally confirmed in the Kamiokande, Japan neutrino data of 1998.

The experiments measured the massinduction difference for muonic neutrinos hitting the detectors from two different colinear directions, one of those neutrino pathways travelling tthrough the Earth's interior and the other impeding directly from the sky.

This is the mean of the G and F markers in the cosmology, where the corresponding distance scales are 3.39x10^11 m and 3.45x10^11 m respectively, with marker E setting 3.44x10^14 m.

For a local starsystem containing the planet Earth and centred on the star Sol; those distances

refer to the Asteroid Belt at say 2.2 Astronomical Units (AU) from the Sun and to the Kuiper-Belt as extent of the Solar System at 2,200 AU, bounded by the Oort Cloud in the linearisation factor of 2p further out.

Hence the entropy bound equivalence verifies QR in proposing that at the scale of the asteroid belt, the cosmogenesis massinduced the scalar Higgs neutrino template as the MINIMUM scale for inertial mass and predicting that the Universe as an entity is representable as a Black Hole equivalence from that minimum condition onwards.

Now this is precisely what QR has found in beginning the Neutron Star evolution as the prototypical ylem stars at those spacetime markers of the accumulated spacetime quanta, which comprise the hypersphere volumes in the cosmogenesis.

QR has derived a beautiful formulation for those ylem-stars as mass-independent protostars, with the ylemic radii depending only on subatomic parameters as a function of the universe's temperature in its Planck-Boson evolution as a macroquantised Black Body Radiator.

The formulation equates the equilibrium condition between the thermal outward pressure with the gravitational inward pressure and is, with mc the prototypically finestructured nucleon-mass:

Rylem=Sqrt{kT.Re^3/Go.mc^2} m [Eq.#3]

 

But from the ylemic times, which map the neutron's beta decay in the G-F interval of 19 seconds from about 2 minutes to 19 minutes of the timeinstanton at the 18 minute markers; the universe's Black Hole evolution became initialised in the ylemic protostars which would allow further stellar generations to evolve and transform into neutron stars, magnetars and Black Holes as a function of their masses and centred on the Chandrasekhar white dwarf upper limit of 1.5 solar masses, which is a dimensionless form of the wormhole source-frequency fps and links to the solar cycles of the magnetic fields generated by spinning masses as magnetocharged electricity forming mass equivalences.

6. The Cosmos as Information Processor and the FRW-Universe

The theoretical ultimate information capacity for any massive spherical energy distribution

so INCREASES only with its Surface Area and not its Volume.

Because volume increases more rapidly as surface area, the Black Hole limit shows that if the mass of a star collapses under its own gravity, then this is equivalent to information being mapped from its 3D eigenstate onto its 2D eigenstate in a dimensional reduction forming the hologram of the higher dimension in the lower dimension.

The Holographic Principle was first proposed by Gerard t'Hooft (University of Utrecht) and Leonard Susskind in 1993 and fully supports (and explains) the Black Hole evolutionary scenario

under discussion.

The information content given by a 3D system of physical interaction can be described by a 'surface physics' operating in the 2D boundary of the 3D system.

In the nomenclature of QR then, the information content of the 12D-Vafa-Sphere is mapped onto its own boundary-mirror of the 11D-Witten-Sphere from without or within.

The nature of the Moebian connectivity however adds the smaller subspace of the 10D universe as the information mapping onto the same hologram of 11D as the dem